Titanium Dioxide Nanocomposite Gel for Safe and Effective Tooth Whitening: An In Vitro Investigation
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52442/jrcd.v6i04.157Keywords:
Titanium Dioxide, Choline Citrate, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-Ray (EDX) Spectroscopy, Optical profilometry, Tooth whitening, Vitapan shade matchingAbstract
Background: Tooth whitening has gained widespread attention as a noninvasive and aesthetic enhancement pro-cedures to restore the natural or desired tooth color.
Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the tooth-whitening efficacy and surface characteristics of choline citrate (CC) gel with varying concentrations of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (1%, 3%, and 5%), as compared to the stained control group, using tea-stained bovine enamel samples in an in vitro setting.
Materials and Methods: This experimental, in vitro study was conducted at the Department of Dental Materials, Khyber Medical University, over a period of six months, from 1-09-2023 to 1-03-2024.Choline citrate gel was pre-pared and titanium dioxide nanoparticle-based CC gel in 1%, 3% and 5% concentration were prepared and FTIR spectra were obtained for these gels. Enamel samples were prepared and stained with black tea. Samples were dis-tributed into experimental and control groups. Tooth color assessment via Vitapan shade matching and Surface characteristics were assessed via Micro-Hardness, Optical profilometry, Scanning Electron Microscopy.
Results: The FTIR spectra for choline citrate gel showed the peaks of both choline hydroxide and citric acid. No significant difference amongst the groups for shade matching was reported. Moreover, Microhardness analysis of all samples revealed no significant difference (p>0.05). Scanning Electron Microscopy analysis for stained tooth show rough surface while the surfaces of TiO2 gel treated samples became smooth with increase concentration of TiO2. The profilometry images for stained, 1%, 3%, 5% TiO2 treated showed an average roughness of 16.334, 9.855, 5.926 and 3.103 μm respectively.
Conclusion: Titanium Dioxide nanoparticles addition with CC gel created as a tooth whitening gel improved the color of stained enamel samples and can be further evaluated for non-invasive aesthetic tooth whitening.
